Protein repeats: structures, functions, and evolution.

P-157: Polymorphic Core Promoter GA-repeats Alter Gene Expression of The Early Embryonic Developmental Genes

Background: We examine the GA-repeat core promoters of MECOM and GABRA3 in human embryonic kidney-293 cell line and show that those GA-repeats have promoter activity,and those different alleles of the repeats can significantly alter gene expression.We propose a novel role for GA-repeat core promoters to regulate gene expression in the genes involved in development and evolution. Materials and M...

De novo protein repeat identification by probabilistic consistency

Motivation: An estimated 25% of all eukaryotic proteins contain repeats, which underlines the importance of duplication for evolving new protein functions. Internal repeats often correspond to structural or functional units in proteins. Methods capable of identifying repeated segments or domains at the sequence level can therefore assist in predicting domain structures, inferring hypotheses abo...

Editorial: Could Speciation Across Evolution be Governed by Genetic Switch Codes at Short Tandem Repeats?

Gene Family: Structure, Organization and Evolution

  Gene families are considered as groups of homologous genes which they share very similar sequences and they may have identical functions. Members of gene families may be found in tandem repeats or interspersed through the genome. These sequences are copies of the ancestral genes which have underwent changes. The multiple copies of each gene in a family were constructed based on gene duplicati...

Positive and strongly relaxed purifying selection drive the evolution of repeats in proteins

Protein repeats are considered hotspots of protein evolution, associated with acquisition of new functions and novel phenotypic traits, including disease. Paradoxically, however, repeats are often strongly conserved through long spans of evolution. To resolve this conundrum, it is necessary to directly compare paralogous (horizontal) evolution of repeats within proteins with their orthologous (...